Moisture Barrier / Lipid Barrier / Barrier Function
A broad term encompassing the multiple defence mechanisms of the skin — primarily the stratum corneum's lipid matrix, the acid mantle (skin's natural pH), and the microbiome. The skin barrier has three key functions: preventing transepidermal water loss (TEWL), blocking entry of pathogens, irritants and allergens, and maintaining the slightly acidic surface pH (~4.5–5.5) that supports healthy microbiome balance. A compromised barrier is the root cause of most sensitive skin symptoms: tightness, stinging, redness, and reactivity to products.
Barrier damage is caused by over-exfoliation, harsh cleansers, environmental stressors (cold, UV, pollution), and some medications. Recovery requires eliminating actives temporarily and focusing on ceramide-rich moisturisers, panthenol, and gentle cleansing.
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