Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide / Cellular Energy Currency
A coenzyme found in every living cell, essential for mitochondrial energy production (ATP synthesis), DNA repair (via PARP enzymes), and sirtuin activity (the primary epigenetic regulators of aging). NAD+ declines approximately 50% between ages 40–60, a decline that appears to be mechanistically causative in multiple hallmarks of aging rather than merely correlated. Restoring NAD+ via precursors (NMN, NR) or synthesis pathway activation (exercise, fasting) is one of the most scientifically credible longevity interventions currently under investigation.
NAD+ cannot be supplemented directly (poor absorption). Precursors NMN and NR reliably raise blood and tissue NAD+ levels in human trials. Exercise is the most powerful natural NAD+ booster — it activates NAMPT, the rate-limiting enzyme in NAD+ salvage synthesis.
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